Papel
del zinc en
la endocrinología pediátrica
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Conclusión
Los cambios en el estado nutricional de zinc, sobre todo su deficiencia, afectan el sistema endocrino de varias maneras, y muchas hormonas influyen en la concentración corporal de este oligoelemento. Los diversos síntomas de deficiencia provienen principalmente del deterioro de las actividades de las enzimas y el trastorno funcional de las proteínas que contienen zinc
Los varios grados de deficiencia de zinc constituyen un problema mundial de salud pública, sobre todo en niños y mujeres embarazadas. Caulfield y colaboradores recopilaron considerable evidencia sobre el alto porcentaje de mujeres, en el mundo, que consumen dietas con cantidades inadecuadas de zinc Ellos estimaron grosso modo, que 82% de las mujeres embarazadas, en todo el mundo, ingieren dietas insuficientes en zinc como para satisfacer las necesidades normales del embarazo y en algunos países tal cifra es cercana a 100%.21 Aún en los países desarrollados, y más en las naciones en vías de desarrollo, prevalece la deficiencia marginal de zinc. Nosotros demostramos tal fenómeno en cerca de 60% de los niños japoneses con talla baja; la razón de tan alta frecuencia puede deberse principalmente al reciente predominio de comidas precocidas, pasabocas y comidas foráneas en sus dietas.24
Los nutricionistas y médicos, sobre todo pediatras y obstetras, deberían interesarse en el poder nutricional del zinc en niños y mujeres embarazadas, para prescribirles las dietas apropiadas con cantidades adecuadas de este oligoelemento.
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